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- <text id=93TT0885>
- <title>
- Jan. 11, 1993: Reviews:Television
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Jan. 11, 1993 Megacities
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- REVIEWS
- TELEVISION, Page 50
- Historical Gusher
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By RICHARD ZOGLIN
- </p>
- <qt>
- <l>SHOW: THE PRIZE</l>
- <l>TIME: Jan. 11-14, 9 p.m. on most stations, PBS</l>
- <l>THE BOTTOM LINE: This eight-hour chronicle of the history of oil is TV's equivalent of a great read.</l>
- </qt>
- <p> The first thing a layman may be surprised to learn from
- The Prize, a new PBS series about the history of oil, is that
- the stuff wasn't always around. "Rock oil" was known in the
- early 19th century only as a medicine. It wasn't until 1859 that
- some Pennsylvania businessmen first extracted it from the
- ground and refined it into kerosene. For years, the substance
- was used mainly to light lamps. Only with the coming of the
- automobile did oil become the most sought-after fuel in the
- world. Since then it has been the impetus for great capitalist
- enterprises, the object of geopolitical maneuvering, the reason
- for wars.
- </p>
- <p> And now oil is the subject of a four-night, eight-hour
- documentary series on PBS. Based on Daniel Yergin's
- Pulitzer-prizewinning book (with Yergin himself serving as
- principal commentator), the series uses all the familiar tricks
- of the TV historian's trade--old photos and film clips,
- offscreen narration combined with onscreen talking heads--to
- make the subject come alive. Which it does marvelously: The
- Prize is TV's equivalent of a great read.
- </p>
- <p> The first episode revolves around two antagonists: John D.
- Rockefeller, who built Standard Oil into one of the most
- powerful monopolies in the world, and Ida Tarbell, the
- muckraking journalist who exposed the unscrupulous tactics by
- which he did so. Later the series highlights less celebrated but
- equally colorful characters: people like Columbus ("Dad")
- Joiner, the Texas wildcatter who sought money by scouring
- newspaper obituaries and writing mash notes to wealthy widows,
- and Calouste Gulbenkian, the powerful Middle Eastern oil broker
- who was reportedly so suspicious that he had two sets of
- doctors, one to check up on the other.
- </p>
- <p> The Prize lucidly chronicles the recurring cycle of glut
- and shortage that has marked oil's history. It brings a fresh
- perspective to even the most familiar events. "Oil is the untold
- story of World War II," begins one episode--which then tells
- that story in rich detail: how higher-octane fuel helped British
- planes outmaneuver their German foes during the Battle of
- Britain; how gasoline shortages slowed down Rommel and
- frustrated Patton; how the fuel situation in Germany near the
- war's end was so dire that a newly developed jet had to be toted
- onto the runway by cows.
- </p>
- <p> Series producer William Cran has assembled a mass of
- material with scholarly care and storytelling verve. Each
- episode is dramatically built, often starting with one key
- event, then working backward and forward from it. The historical
- medicine is enlivened with spoonfuls of pop-culture sugar. (In
- one old TV ad, Marilyn Monroe urges a gas-station attendant to
- "put Royal Triton in Cynthia's little tummy." Cynthia is her
- new car.) Not least important is Paul Foss's urgent theme
- music, one of the best TV scores since The Civil War.
- </p>
- <p> Only in the end, a mushy account of the environmental
- movement's challenge to oil's dominance, does the series falter.
- Most of the time, The Prize is a gusher of brisk and
- illuminating history.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-